Scenario 3A - Peer Review
The Peer Review technique usually involves three phases; in the first phase the students produce an artefact (e.g. a document, a map, an oral presentation); in the second students are asked to provide feedback on the artefact produced by someone else in the first phase, in the third and last phase they modify their original artefact based on the feedback received. The peer review is based on “reciprocal teaching” principles, according to which it is essential that students compare the product of their work to that of their peers. The reflection triggered by the comparison (during the second phase) has positive impact on self-assessment skills, especially when a rubric is provided, in the form of a list of criteria informing the feedback. Learning is therefore the compound outcome of the self-assessment engendered by both the feedback received and the feedback given. With this technique, there is a wide range of choices concerning team arrangements: students can work in dyads with reciprocal feedback, or they could work in teams and provide a feedback negotiated within the group, or even work in teams in the first phase and then provide individual feedback to one or more of the teams.
The peer review technique has for instance been used in nursing education to run a f2f workshop [21] on manuscript writing and in an online environment [22].
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Time |
3 phases |
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Phase 1 |
Phase 2 |
Phase 3 |
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Task |
Artefact production |
Artefact analysis and feedback production |
Revision of original artefact based on feedback |
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Team |
Individual work, dyads or small groups |
Individual work, dyads or small groups |
Same teams as phase 1 |
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Technology |
Text editor or other productivity tool |
Text editor or other productivity tool |
Text editor or other productivity tool |
FORUM. Use an online forum if you want the discussion among students to happen in asynchronous mode.
Watch the following video, if you want to learn how to set up a forum.
WEBINAR. Use an online webinar (basic configuration) and/or an online webinar with breakout rooms if you want the discussion among students to happen in synchronous mode.
Watch the following videos, if you want to learn how to set up a webinar or a webinar with breakout rooms.
DATABASE. Use the database if you want your students to share their final artefacts. Watch the following video, if you want to learn how to set up a database.